Further explanations cover various contingencies. So, this list tells us that heavy vehicle means a vehicle with a GVM over 4.5 tons, and GVM means gross vehicle mass, the maximum loaded mass of the vehicle. Thus the relevant legislation (in Australian law) contains a section called Terms used or Definitions that itemises all words considered ambiguous, and confers specific interpretations consistent with natural language. The word large is ambiguous per se, but may be considered heavy. In statutory interpretation, it refers to the problem of giving meaning to groups of words where one of the words is ambiguous or inherently unclear.įor example, in road traffic law, a statute may require consideration of large vehicles separately from other vehicles. ( March 2016) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This section needs additional citations for verification. this sui generis law is known as the Semiconductor Chip Protection Act of 1984. The United States, Japan, Australia and many EU countries protect the topography of semiconductor chips and integrated circuits under sui generis laws, which borrow some aspects from patent or copyright law. However, sui generis statutes exist in many countries that extend intellectual property protection to matter that does not meet characteristic definitions: integrated circuit layouts, ship hull designs, fashion designs in France, databases, or plant varieties require sui generis statutes because of their unique characteristics. Any matter that meets these criteria can be protected. The main types of intellectual property law are: copyright, which protects creative works patent, which protects invention trade secret, which protects information not generally known or readily ascertainable that is valuable to the secret holder and trademark, which protects branding and other exclusive properties of products and services. Generally speaking, protection for intellectual property extends to intellectual creations in order to incentivize innovation, and depends upon the nature of the work and its characteristics. When citing cases and other authorities, lawyers and judges may refer to "a sui generis case", or "a sui generis authority", meaning it is a special one confined to its own facts, and therefore may not be of broader application. The New York Court of Appeals has used the term in describing cooperative apartment corporations, mostly because this form of housing is considered real property for some purposes and personal property for other purposes. For example, a court's contempt powers arise sui generis and not from statute or rule. In law, it is a term of art used to identify a legal classification that exists independently of other categorizations, either because of its singularity or due to the specific creation of an entitlement or obligation. Film critic Michael Brooke used the term to describe Fantastic Planet, a 1973 Franco-Czech sci-fi animated film directed by René Laloux.
UNIQUE MEANING MOVIE
Movie critic Richard Schickel identifies Joe Versus the Volcano as a sui generis movie. the genus Homo) is not necessarily sui generis extinctions have eliminated other congeneric species.Ī book, movie, television series, or other artistic creation is called sui generis when it does not fit into standard genre boundaries. A species that is the sole extant member of its genus (e.g. its uniqueness at the time of classification merited the creation of a new genus, the sole member of which was initially the sui generis species). In the taxonomical structure " genus → species", a species is described as sui generis if its genus was created to classify it (i.e. ( July 2017) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources.
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